Thursday, August 14, 2008
Correction
The correct number of applications for the most recent round of CIRM faculty award grants is 54. The initial CIRM news release on the subject incorrectly the number as 55, which is actually the number of letters of intent. CIRM has corrected the figure in its news release.
The Perils of Prop. 71: CIRM's Search for a Vote
Crafty. Ingenious. Resourceful. And dubious.
All of which describe the events Tuesday night at the meeting of the directors of the California stem cell agency.
As John M. Simpson of Consumer Watchdog of Santa Monica, Ca., put it, the board "essentially drafted a member from the audience" in order to achieve a quorum and to be able to act officially.
Simpson, a regular and longtime observer of CIRM, wrote on his organization's blog,
Simpson continued,
It is one more example of the pitfalls of Prop. 71 and the perils of writing laws by initiative. The board of directors of CIRM is too large to run efficiently and the quorum requirements too high. Other problems exist as well, including a dual executive situation and built-in conflicts of interest. All of which are virtually impossible to change. That's because Prop. 71 altered the California State Constitution to require a 70 percent vote of the Legislature and the signature of the governor to amend the measure. The super, super-majority vote requirement is unprecedented and unique. It makes CIRM nearly immune from tinkering by lawmakers. But it also prevents changes that would enhance CIRM's mission and fix problems that arise when laws are put together in private by special interests.
All of which describe the events Tuesday night at the meeting of the directors of the California stem cell agency.
As John M. Simpson of Consumer Watchdog of Santa Monica, Ca., put it, the board "essentially drafted a member from the audience" in order to achieve a quorum and to be able to act officially.
Simpson, a regular and longtime observer of CIRM, wrote on his organization's blog,
"Assembling a quorum for the 29-member ICOC is never easy. It's comprised largely of high-powered academic and industry representatives. Moreover, Prop. 71 requires a super-majority. A quorum is 19 members."Tuesday night, board officials had expected the necessary number but for a variety of reasons, the panel was short.
Simpson continued,
"Then as the board broke for dinner, Jacob E. Levin, Director of Research Development at UC Irvine, who was in the audience, asked Board Executive Director Melissa King what was necessary to serve as an alternate member.In years of covering hundreds, perhaps thousands, of California governmental hearings, I have never seen anything quite like this. State lawmakers have occasionally been locked in their legislative chambers until their leadership gets a desired vote. Some lawmakers have been dragooned from their homes to come in for a vote. But nothing quite like the CIRM maneuver on Tuesday.
"His boss, board member Dr. Susan Bryant, was one of those who was unable to attend. Under the ICOC's rules, board members from universities and research institutions may appoint alternates if they can't make it. The designate must be an executive of the university or institution.
"The lawyers determined Levin met the requirements, staff caught up with Dr. Bryant by phone, who agreed Levin could be her designate and after dinner the board got down to business. Chairman Bob Klein noted that Levin had been present for all the agenda items that had been discussed."
It is one more example of the pitfalls of Prop. 71 and the perils of writing laws by initiative. The board of directors of CIRM is too large to run efficiently and the quorum requirements too high. Other problems exist as well, including a dual executive situation and built-in conflicts of interest. All of which are virtually impossible to change. That's because Prop. 71 altered the California State Constitution to require a 70 percent vote of the Legislature and the signature of the governor to amend the measure. The super, super-majority vote requirement is unprecedented and unique. It makes CIRM nearly immune from tinkering by lawmakers. But it also prevents changes that would enhance CIRM's mission and fix problems that arise when laws are put together in private by special interests.
Wednesday, August 13, 2008
$59 Million Bonanza For California Stem Cell Researchers
Twenty-three California scientists hit it big today when the California stem cell agency awarded them grants that totaled as much as $3.2 million each.
In all, directors of the agency gave away $59 million in its second round of Faculty Awards, which are designed to support "young" researchers and develop more talent in the area of human embryonic stem cell research,.
The grants will support the recipients for as long as five years. They come at a time when competition for grants at the federal level is increasingly competitive. In a news release, CIRM Chairman Robert Klein noted that the average age of a researcher receiving his first grant from the National Institutes of Health is 43. Presumably, today's CIRM recipients are younger, but the agency did not specify their average age in its news release, which contains the names of the recipients and their institutions.
Grant reviewers decided 20 grants were unequivocally worth funding. Directors added three more from the second tier of applications, which reviewers say are worth approving if funds are available. Nine more grants remain in that category and will be considered at next month's directors meeting. A final vote will also be held then on the 22 applications not recommended for funding by reviewers. Fifty-four applications were received.
Today's grants come on top of a similar round approved last December. CIRM gave away $54 million then to 22 scientists. However, that round was tainted by conflict of interest violations by some CIRM directors, that caused the agency to reject 10 applications. Directors then decided to go ahead with another round of Faculty Award grants.
Initially CIRM budgeted $41 million for 14 recipients in the latest round of Faculty Awards. CIRM did not explain the rationale for increasing the program in its news release today.
(Editor's note: This item originally contained a sentence noting that CIRM's original press release said there were 55 applications although internally the numbers totalled 54. We queried CIRM about the matter. CIRM said that 55 was a mistake and that only 54 applications were received.)
In all, directors of the agency gave away $59 million in its second round of Faculty Awards, which are designed to support "young" researchers and develop more talent in the area of human embryonic stem cell research,.
The grants will support the recipients for as long as five years. They come at a time when competition for grants at the federal level is increasingly competitive. In a news release, CIRM Chairman Robert Klein noted that the average age of a researcher receiving his first grant from the National Institutes of Health is 43. Presumably, today's CIRM recipients are younger, but the agency did not specify their average age in its news release, which contains the names of the recipients and their institutions.
Grant reviewers decided 20 grants were unequivocally worth funding. Directors added three more from the second tier of applications, which reviewers say are worth approving if funds are available. Nine more grants remain in that category and will be considered at next month's directors meeting. A final vote will also be held then on the 22 applications not recommended for funding by reviewers. Fifty-four applications were received.
Today's grants come on top of a similar round approved last December. CIRM gave away $54 million then to 22 scientists. However, that round was tainted by conflict of interest violations by some CIRM directors, that caused the agency to reject 10 applications. Directors then decided to go ahead with another round of Faculty Award grants.
Initially CIRM budgeted $41 million for 14 recipients in the latest round of Faculty Awards. CIRM did not explain the rationale for increasing the program in its news release today.
(Editor's note: This item originally contained a sentence noting that CIRM's original press release said there were 55 applications although internally the numbers totalled 54. We queried CIRM about the matter. CIRM said that 55 was a mistake and that only 54 applications were received.)
Tuesday, August 12, 2008
A Tardy CIRM Posting on New Grant Reconsideration Policies
Only hours before its directors meet today, the California stem cell agency has posted its proposed policy for handling requests for reconsideration of negative recommendations from reviewers on grant applications.
The proposal is an attempt to deal with a problem that has dogged CIRM since last January when an unhappy applicant asked the board to approve its grant despite a negative decision by reviewers.
The board was clearly uncomfortable with the attempt, both in terms of fairness to other applicants and because of the disruption of its normal procedures. The issue surfaced once again in June, leading to more extended public discussion of the appeal or reconsideration process. CIRM allows "appeals" only in the case of conflicts of interest on the part of reviewers. However, reviewers do not have to publicly disclose their economic or professional interests.
The proposed procedure requires the applicant to file a request for reconsideration five days prior to a directors meeting. CIRM's president will then evaluate it and make a finding on whether it has merit. The proposal is unclear on whether it means calendar days or business days.
The reconsideration requests, which CIRM calls "extraordinary petitions," will be posted on the CIRM website. Presumably the president's findings will be as well, although that is not specified.
The policy does not appear to eliminate an applicant's ability to appear publicly before the board to seek reconsideration. However, with a negative decision from reviewers and a "no merit" finding from the president, a disgruntled applicant is not likely to find a receptive audience.
It is unfortunate, to say the least, that this important proposal, which affects hundreds of scientists in California, has been posted at the very last minute. It deals with an issue that affects CIRM's credibility and the credibility of its reviewers. It is virtually impossible for those affected by this plan to comment intelligently to the board in a timely fashion.
Presumably, they could send an email with their comments at this late hour – if they are aware of the details of the proposal. It is our sense, however, that few scientists spend much time scouring the depths of the CIRM website, which does not even put a notice of its directors meetings on its home page.
For a look at previous items on this issue, search on the label "reconsideration" or "grant appeals."
The proposal is an attempt to deal with a problem that has dogged CIRM since last January when an unhappy applicant asked the board to approve its grant despite a negative decision by reviewers.
The board was clearly uncomfortable with the attempt, both in terms of fairness to other applicants and because of the disruption of its normal procedures. The issue surfaced once again in June, leading to more extended public discussion of the appeal or reconsideration process. CIRM allows "appeals" only in the case of conflicts of interest on the part of reviewers. However, reviewers do not have to publicly disclose their economic or professional interests.
The proposed procedure requires the applicant to file a request for reconsideration five days prior to a directors meeting. CIRM's president will then evaluate it and make a finding on whether it has merit. The proposal is unclear on whether it means calendar days or business days.
The reconsideration requests, which CIRM calls "extraordinary petitions," will be posted on the CIRM website. Presumably the president's findings will be as well, although that is not specified.
The policy does not appear to eliminate an applicant's ability to appear publicly before the board to seek reconsideration. However, with a negative decision from reviewers and a "no merit" finding from the president, a disgruntled applicant is not likely to find a receptive audience.
It is unfortunate, to say the least, that this important proposal, which affects hundreds of scientists in California, has been posted at the very last minute. It deals with an issue that affects CIRM's credibility and the credibility of its reviewers. It is virtually impossible for those affected by this plan to comment intelligently to the board in a timely fashion.
Presumably, they could send an email with their comments at this late hour – if they are aware of the details of the proposal. It is our sense, however, that few scientists spend much time scouring the depths of the CIRM website, which does not even put a notice of its directors meetings on its home page.
For a look at previous items on this issue, search on the label "reconsideration" or "grant appeals."
Monday, August 11, 2008
CIRM Should Say No to Mullin Tresspass Bill
Directors of the California stem cell agency this week are scheduled to discuss legislation aimed at dealing somewhat with the recent upsurge in attacks on California researchers, including at least one of its grantees.
On the agenda for either tomorrow or Wednesday is AB2296 by Assemblyman Gene Mullin, D-San Mateo. It has already passed the Assembly and is now in the Senate Public Safety Committee in a heavily amended form.
It now states in part:
While we are adamantly opposed to the domestic terrorism that has targeted researchers in this country, we cannot support the Mullin bill. Nor should CIRM.
The legislation is vague and raises major constitutional issues regarding freedom of speech. Existing law already provides a wide array of tools dealing with trespass, as the legislative analysis points out. The measure is certain to be challenged by such enterprises as the ACLU. Who knows what "chilling" a researcher's academic freedom means? And one wonders exactly why persons engaged in labor union activities are specifically exempted from the terms of the proposed law.
Instead of endorsing the bill, CIRM directors should add $50,000 to the reward in the firebombing case at UC Santa Cruz, which occurred at the home of CIRM-funded research David Feldheim. That would bring the total to $100,000. CIRM should also issue a strong condemnation of the terrorist actions and make it clear that there is no tolerance for those misguided souls who think they protect mice by endangering children and adults.
On the agenda for either tomorrow or Wednesday is AB2296 by Assemblyman Gene Mullin, D-San Mateo. It has already passed the Assembly and is now in the Senate Public Safety Committee in a heavily amended form.
It now states in part:
"Any person who enters the residential real property of an academic researcher for the purpose of chilling or interfering with the researcher's academic freedom is guilty of trespass, a misdemeanor."The bill totals about 600 words. The legislative staff analysis is about 5,600 words, reflecting the complexities of the issues involved. (CIRM has linked on its agenda to an earlier analysis.)
While we are adamantly opposed to the domestic terrorism that has targeted researchers in this country, we cannot support the Mullin bill. Nor should CIRM.
The legislation is vague and raises major constitutional issues regarding freedom of speech. Existing law already provides a wide array of tools dealing with trespass, as the legislative analysis points out. The measure is certain to be challenged by such enterprises as the ACLU. Who knows what "chilling" a researcher's academic freedom means? And one wonders exactly why persons engaged in labor union activities are specifically exempted from the terms of the proposed law.
Instead of endorsing the bill, CIRM directors should add $50,000 to the reward in the firebombing case at UC Santa Cruz, which occurred at the home of CIRM-funded research David Feldheim. That would bring the total to $100,000. CIRM should also issue a strong condemnation of the terrorist actions and make it clear that there is no tolerance for those misguided souls who think they protect mice by endangering children and adults.
CIRM To Define PI and Their Grant Time Commitments
If you are interested in winning a grant from the California stem cell agency, you may want to pay special attention to proposed policies that define the eligibility of a principal investigator and spell out the amount of time he or she must commit.
The proposal, which also deals with limits on the number of applications, will come before the directors of the agency tomorrow or Wednesday. The actual text of the recommendations was not available on the CIRM website until today.
The document does not make it explicitly clear what the purpose of the plan is. However, CIRM has sometimes been flooded with grant applications, creating an extraordinary burden on its staff and reviewers. The document also attempts to deal with the question of co-principal investigators, which seems to be an issue involving a grant that includes multiple institutions. You can find a discussion of this in the transcripts from the June directors meeting (v. 1) and their March session.
Two important paragraphs from the PI document read:
The proposal, which also deals with limits on the number of applications, will come before the directors of the agency tomorrow or Wednesday. The actual text of the recommendations was not available on the CIRM website until today.
The document does not make it explicitly clear what the purpose of the plan is. However, CIRM has sometimes been flooded with grant applications, creating an extraordinary burden on its staff and reviewers. The document also attempts to deal with the question of co-principal investigators, which seems to be an issue involving a grant that includes multiple institutions. You can find a discussion of this in the transcripts from the June directors meeting (v. 1) and their March session.
Two important paragraphs from the PI document read:
"CIRM, in contrast to the NIH, has a limited lifespan in which to accomplish its mission. Funding is commensurate with a sense of urgency to accomplish the mission that should be matched by a commensurate effort by key personnel, especially the PI and Co-PIs.The recommendations were developed without public hearings by an "ICOC RFA Task Force" that appears to consist of Stanford Medical School Dean Philip Pizzo, who is also a CIRM director, and one other person. It is not clear whether other institutions that are likely to submit grant applications were consulted in the process.
"Therefore CIRM, mindful of the urgency of its mission, will require a minimum percent effort of the PI (and Co-PIs), typically 10%, where it deems such minimum effort is necessary to ensure PI (Co-PI) oversight and timely accomplishment of the proposed research. Extraordinary circumstances may be applied by CIRM, at the discretion of the President, to allow senior research scientists to have reduced percent effort commitment in the interests of obtaining the best outcomes for a research project. CIRM and the Task Force agree that no changes will be made to the GAP in order to maintain flexibility."
Sunday, August 10, 2008
CIRM Releases Biotech Loan Policy
The California stem cell agency has posted its latest proposed policy for its incipient $500 million biotech loan program, which will be discussed at this week's meeting of its directors.
The policy statement is reasonably clear, but it does not deal with the risk involved. Nor does it explain exactly what CIRM might do with the warrants it takes in the companies it lends to. Will it hold them, trade them or eventually wind up owning stock in a number of biotech firms? If it owns stock, how will it be voted and under what conditions will it be sold? Who makes those decisions – CIRM directors, the CIRM president or chair?
Here is one excerpt from the policy document, laying out the purpose of the proposal.
The policy statement is reasonably clear, but it does not deal with the risk involved. Nor does it explain exactly what CIRM might do with the warrants it takes in the companies it lends to. Will it hold them, trade them or eventually wind up owning stock in a number of biotech firms? If it owns stock, how will it be voted and under what conditions will it be sold? Who makes those decisions – CIRM directors, the CIRM president or chair?
Here is one excerpt from the policy document, laying out the purpose of the proposal.
"The goal of a loan program is to fund the translation of research into research tools, medical diagnostics and devices, and therapeutic products. These loans will be targeted at the funding gaps in product development that will serve to leverage participation by follow-on investors, such as venture capital and other capital markets, and result in more products that enter the market."Below in a separate item is a piece on the loan proposal, written last week by yours truly for BioWorld Perspective, a free, weekly newsletter from BioWorld, which has 13,000 readers in the biotech industry.
Text of BioWorld Article on CIRM Loan Program
Here is the text of a piece on the CIRM biotech loan proposal that ran Aug. 7, 2008, in BioWorld Perspectives.
Red Flags Remain in Plan to Help Biotechs
By David Jensen
BioWorld Perspectives Contributing Writer
Editor's note: David Jensen is the publisher of the California Stem Cell Report and has written more than 1,700 items involving CIRM since 2005.
California wants to help biotech enterprises navigate through the industry's famed financial "valley of death" with a $500 million loan program.
It comes at a good time for the bio biz. Money is tight, but in the Golden State, one agency has $3 billion to spread around for research and clinical trials. The cash comes from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), the state's unprecedented stem cell research funding organization.
It was created less than four years ago under Proposition 71, a California ballot initiative that surfaced in reaction to President George W. Bush's restrictions on human embryonic stem cell research. Using funds from California state bonds, CIRM has already handed out more than $554 million in grants. Today, the agency is the largest source in the world for funding for human embryonic stem cell research.
Biotech Loans and Controversy
But CIRM is not without controversy. Recently some disgruntled grant applicants have complained of unfairness in reviews. Some in the biotech industry object to CIRM's rules for sharing the wealth from any state-financed therapies. And there is at least one catch to CIRM's plans to loan $500 million to biotech firms. Recipients of the state's bounty are going to need a California connection — probably a fairly strong one — since state law says CIRM's cash must be spent generally in California. But it probably wouldn't be too hard for an enterprising business to accommodate those needs if it wants, let's say, a $25 million loan.
Policies for the biotech loan program are likely to get the go-ahead next week from CIRM's board of directors. The main reason for its expected approval is CIRM Chairman Robert Klein, a multimillionaire real estate investment banker who has served in his state stem cell role without pay since 2004. His real estate background has taught him the value of financial leverage, which is exactly what the loan program is about.
The loan effort is Klein's brainchild, conceived as a way to not only help biotech enterprises (both for-profit and nonprofit), but also to extend the life of the state's stem cell effort. It is limited by law to only 10 years of state bond funding and currently has no other source of income.
According to a PricewaterhouseCoopers report commissioned by the agency, Klein's plan could generate at least a $100 million profit, although state government delicately avoids the use of the word "profit." The earnings then could be channeled back into more grants and loans. With expectations that default rates could soar as high as 50 percent in some cases, that seems to be almost too good to be true. There are skeptics, but not many public ones.
Firms Found in the 'Valley of Death'
The reason for high defaults? The loan program would target firms that otherwise could not find financing because they are wallowing in the "valley of death," a loose term that describes the financially difficult period between grant and "angel" financing and funding from venture capitalists.
PricewaterhouseCoopers performed an analysis of the proposal based on assumptions provided by the agency. They included a $500 million portfolio, disbursed over a seven-year period, loans up to $5 million, interest rates ranging from prime plus 2 percent to 4 percent with possible warrant coverage from 10 percent to 100 percent. Pricewaterhouse concluded, "Total assets of the program could increase from $500 million to between $600 million and $1 billion over 10 years."
Klein, however, has indicated that changes are likely in those assumptions. During a May meeting of CIRM's Finance Subcommittee, he indicated larger loans should be given and other changes be made to improve the proposal.
"It may take a very significantly sized loan, even on a matching fund basis, for companies to get through the preclinical, Phase I, and Phase II and Phase IIb stage before private capital would be prepared to step in," he said.
Klein said he plans to bring in Ed Penhoet, vice chairman of CIRM, co-founder of Chiron Corp. and currently a venture capitalist, to beef up his call for hefty loans.
Reception of the loan program by industry has generally been favorable. But some have raised questions. Menlo Park, Calif.-based Geron Corp., for example, said the loan sizes initially assumed in the Pricewaterhouse analysis were too small.
Red Flags in an Innovative Plan
Other hurdles remain as well. The Consumer Watchdog group of Santa Monica, Calif., has expressed concern about potential conflicts of interest. The nonprofit advocacy organization cited the possible use of delegated underwriting. CIRM Director Duane Roth, as well, has raised a flag about potential conflicts involving underwriters. Klein had suggested the use of underwriters because of the small size of the CIRM staff (between 30 and 40 persons) and its lack of lending expertise.
At one point, Klein cited Fannie Mae as an example of how underwriting could be used with biotech loans. But given the recent financial news about the Federal National Mortgage Association, it seems unlikely he will mention that enterprise again.
CIRM's biotech loan plan seems innovative, filling an important need in the biotech industry. The plan, however, does involve a substantial risk of public funds that has not been fully explained in a straightforward manner. Given today's difficult economic times and unease about aggressive lending practices, a clear explanation is certainly in order. The public, California lawmakers and industry should understand how it is possible that CIRM can turn a profit with default rates as high as 50 percent and the risks involved.
CIRM is a young government department and should move with caution in order to maintain public trust. Major failures in a biotech loan program could damage CIRM's credibility and cast a pall over its other important activities, including grants, ethical research standards and intellectual property policies.
Notes:
Here are links to more information about the biotech proposal.
The California Stem Cell Report (search on the label "biotech loans"):
http://californiastemcellreport.blogspot.com
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine:
www.cirm.ca.gov
PricewaterhouseCoopers report (in three parts):
Phase I (loan financial model): www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3a.pdf
Phase II – Gap Analysis, Capital Provider Feedback and Financial Model: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3b.pdf
Phase III – Loan model scenarios: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3c.pdf
Transcripts of the Biotech Loan Task Force: www.cirm.ca.gov/transcripts/default.asp
Agendas of the Biotech Loan Task Force: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/2008/default.asp
The agendas have links to multiple documents dealing with the plan.
Red Flags Remain in Plan to Help Biotechs
By David Jensen
BioWorld Perspectives Contributing Writer
Editor's note: David Jensen is the publisher of the California Stem Cell Report and has written more than 1,700 items involving CIRM since 2005.
California wants to help biotech enterprises navigate through the industry's famed financial "valley of death" with a $500 million loan program.
It comes at a good time for the bio biz. Money is tight, but in the Golden State, one agency has $3 billion to spread around for research and clinical trials. The cash comes from the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), the state's unprecedented stem cell research funding organization.
It was created less than four years ago under Proposition 71, a California ballot initiative that surfaced in reaction to President George W. Bush's restrictions on human embryonic stem cell research. Using funds from California state bonds, CIRM has already handed out more than $554 million in grants. Today, the agency is the largest source in the world for funding for human embryonic stem cell research.
Biotech Loans and Controversy
But CIRM is not without controversy. Recently some disgruntled grant applicants have complained of unfairness in reviews. Some in the biotech industry object to CIRM's rules for sharing the wealth from any state-financed therapies. And there is at least one catch to CIRM's plans to loan $500 million to biotech firms. Recipients of the state's bounty are going to need a California connection — probably a fairly strong one — since state law says CIRM's cash must be spent generally in California. But it probably wouldn't be too hard for an enterprising business to accommodate those needs if it wants, let's say, a $25 million loan.
Policies for the biotech loan program are likely to get the go-ahead next week from CIRM's board of directors. The main reason for its expected approval is CIRM Chairman Robert Klein, a multimillionaire real estate investment banker who has served in his state stem cell role without pay since 2004. His real estate background has taught him the value of financial leverage, which is exactly what the loan program is about.
The loan effort is Klein's brainchild, conceived as a way to not only help biotech enterprises (both for-profit and nonprofit), but also to extend the life of the state's stem cell effort. It is limited by law to only 10 years of state bond funding and currently has no other source of income.
According to a PricewaterhouseCoopers report commissioned by the agency, Klein's plan could generate at least a $100 million profit, although state government delicately avoids the use of the word "profit." The earnings then could be channeled back into more grants and loans. With expectations that default rates could soar as high as 50 percent in some cases, that seems to be almost too good to be true. There are skeptics, but not many public ones.
Firms Found in the 'Valley of Death'
The reason for high defaults? The loan program would target firms that otherwise could not find financing because they are wallowing in the "valley of death," a loose term that describes the financially difficult period between grant and "angel" financing and funding from venture capitalists.
PricewaterhouseCoopers performed an analysis of the proposal based on assumptions provided by the agency. They included a $500 million portfolio, disbursed over a seven-year period, loans up to $5 million, interest rates ranging from prime plus 2 percent to 4 percent with possible warrant coverage from 10 percent to 100 percent. Pricewaterhouse concluded, "Total assets of the program could increase from $500 million to between $600 million and $1 billion over 10 years."
Klein, however, has indicated that changes are likely in those assumptions. During a May meeting of CIRM's Finance Subcommittee, he indicated larger loans should be given and other changes be made to improve the proposal.
"It may take a very significantly sized loan, even on a matching fund basis, for companies to get through the preclinical, Phase I, and Phase II and Phase IIb stage before private capital would be prepared to step in," he said.
Klein said he plans to bring in Ed Penhoet, vice chairman of CIRM, co-founder of Chiron Corp. and currently a venture capitalist, to beef up his call for hefty loans.
Reception of the loan program by industry has generally been favorable. But some have raised questions. Menlo Park, Calif.-based Geron Corp., for example, said the loan sizes initially assumed in the Pricewaterhouse analysis were too small.
Red Flags in an Innovative Plan
Other hurdles remain as well. The Consumer Watchdog group of Santa Monica, Calif., has expressed concern about potential conflicts of interest. The nonprofit advocacy organization cited the possible use of delegated underwriting. CIRM Director Duane Roth, as well, has raised a flag about potential conflicts involving underwriters. Klein had suggested the use of underwriters because of the small size of the CIRM staff (between 30 and 40 persons) and its lack of lending expertise.
At one point, Klein cited Fannie Mae as an example of how underwriting could be used with biotech loans. But given the recent financial news about the Federal National Mortgage Association, it seems unlikely he will mention that enterprise again.
CIRM's biotech loan plan seems innovative, filling an important need in the biotech industry. The plan, however, does involve a substantial risk of public funds that has not been fully explained in a straightforward manner. Given today's difficult economic times and unease about aggressive lending practices, a clear explanation is certainly in order. The public, California lawmakers and industry should understand how it is possible that CIRM can turn a profit with default rates as high as 50 percent and the risks involved.
CIRM is a young government department and should move with caution in order to maintain public trust. Major failures in a biotech loan program could damage CIRM's credibility and cast a pall over its other important activities, including grants, ethical research standards and intellectual property policies.
Notes:
Here are links to more information about the biotech proposal.
The California Stem Cell Report (search on the label "biotech loans"):
http://californiastemcellreport.blogspot.com
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine:
www.cirm.ca.gov
PricewaterhouseCoopers report (in three parts):
Phase I (loan financial model): www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3a.pdf
Phase II – Gap Analysis, Capital Provider Feedback and Financial Model: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3b.pdf
Phase III – Loan model scenarios: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/pdf/2008/050608_item_3c.pdf
Transcripts of the Biotech Loan Task Force: www.cirm.ca.gov/transcripts/default.asp
Agendas of the Biotech Loan Task Force: www.cirm.ca.gov/meetings/2008/default.asp
The agendas have links to multiple documents dealing with the plan.
CIRM-Funded Researcher Firebombed; CIRM Should Beef Up Reward
The scientist at UC Santa Cruz whose home was firebombed earlier this month is a CIRM-funded researcher, holding a $500,000 grant to study differentiation of stem cells into motor neurons. David Feldheim(center of photo), a molecular biologist, won the grant in 2007, one of the first scientists whose research was supported by California's $3 billion agency.
Feldheim was the target Aug. 2 of animal rights activists, part of a recent upsurge in assaults on researchers. Authorities say the crime is being investigated as an attempted murder. The Los Angeles Times reported today that academics in the UC system are "angered and worried," but vow not to be intimidated.
Last week, UC Santa Cruz faculty members and others rallied to support Feldheim and protest violence against researchers. Feldheim spoke to the crowd, along with the UC Santa Cruz Chancellor and the mayor of Santa Cruz, according to the San Francisco Bay Area Independent Media Center, which published a number of photos and comment on the event. (The Feldheim photo is from that report.)
A $50,000 reward is being offered in connection with the firebombing with funds from the FBI, UC Santa Cruz, private citizens, the City of Santa Cruz, the federal government and the Humane Society, according to San Francisco Chronicle reporter John Cote.
J.M. Brown of the Santa Cruz Sentinel reported that the attack came at 5:45 a.m., burning the front door. Brown wrote:
"Feldheim, his wife and two young children fled from a second-floor fire escape. Feldheim's feet were bruised during the escape.Last week, Richard C. Paddock and Maria L. LaGanga of the Los Angeles Times quoted UCSC Chancellor George Blumenthal as calling the attack "domestic terrorism." Their story also carried statistics from the Foundation for Biomedical Research:
"Minutes later, outside a campus residence less than a mile away, a fire ripped through a station wagon belonging to a colleague. No one was injured in that incident. A third scientist received a threatening phone message at home about the same time."
"In 2000 there were 10 such episodes against biomedical research facilities alone, and in 2006 that figure had grown to 77, according to the group's website. In addition, the type of attacks has changed in recent years.The animal rights terrorism issue is not new to this writer. While at The Sacramento Bee, I was the primary editor on Deborah Blum's 1992 Pulitzer Prize-winning series, "The Monkey Wars," which explored the violence against research involving primates.
"'Prior to that, the vast majority of actions taken were against institutions -- break into the lab, steal the animals, trash the facility,' said foundation President Frankie Trull. 'More recently, however . . . they've become much more personal, attacking the researchers at their homes. California seems to be the focus of this activity right now, but not the only focus.'"
What was abundantly clear then and even more now is the need for the public – not just academics – to speak out against this terrorism. The community needs to understand that the firebombers explicitly place animal life above human life. The perpetrators should find no shelter from misguided souls who think this is minor mischief.
The California stem cell agency has not yet spoken out on Feldheim bombing, but it has given preliminary support to state legislation aimed at helping to deal with the problem. A strong statement from CIRM is called for, along with a substantial addition to the reward for apprehension of the perpetrators, something along the lines of about $50,000. CIRM Chairman Robert Klein should also direct his private lobbying group, Americans for Cures, to add another $25,000 or so.
Fresh Comment on CIRM's Blog Ban
We have received an email from an anonymous individual on the "blog ban reaction" item last week. The person began by commenting on a description of the matter as "fascinating." Here is the full comment.
"Astonishing seems more apt.
"Your blog is the definitive source of information for all-things CIRM. It is widely read by researchers – here in California and around the world – by other government officials and staff, and by journalists. What you write shapes the perceptions and coverage of others. At a time when CIRM is receiving so little press attention, your voice is even more influential. The CIRM board is ill-served by its staff’s banning the California Stem Cell Report from the daily clippings. I doubt that most board members have (or make) the time to read your posts regularly. Perhaps CIRM is counting on that to keep criticism (particularly of its chairman’s ongoing behavior problems) hidden from the board.
"Hopefully a few board members will ask that your blog be restored to CIRM’s press clipping reports. They all should.
"Keep up the good work."
Friday, August 08, 2008
Major Information Remains Missing From CIRM Directors Agenda
With two business days remaining before next week's meeting of the directors of the California stem cell agency, still missing from its website is important information needed for intelligent public participation in major issues facing CIRM.
Missing background material includes a current draft of the proposed loan policy for a novel and risky $500 million biotech lending effort and the proposed procedures on how to deal with the sticky question of reconsideration of negative grant recommendations from CIRM reviewers. Also missing is some sort of discussion of what is meant by "recommendations on RFA applicant policies."
The directors are scheduled to give away $41 million in research grants, but no link is posted from the agenda to the public summaries of the reviews. However, those went up on Thursday and can be found here.
Hundreds of California researchers will be affected by the proposal for reconsideration of grant reviews. But for all practical purposes, none of them will have a say in the mysterious plan because there is not enough time for them to analyze the proposal – if it is ever posted – and to make travel plans to Stanford for the meeting that begins on Tuesday.
Dilatory posting of important background information is an ongoing problem at CIRM. The situation improved at one point in the past but has now slipped badly. It makes a mockery of CIRM promises for meaningful public participation in discussions of issues facing the $3 billion public agency.
Missing background material includes a current draft of the proposed loan policy for a novel and risky $500 million biotech lending effort and the proposed procedures on how to deal with the sticky question of reconsideration of negative grant recommendations from CIRM reviewers. Also missing is some sort of discussion of what is meant by "recommendations on RFA applicant policies."
The directors are scheduled to give away $41 million in research grants, but no link is posted from the agenda to the public summaries of the reviews. However, those went up on Thursday and can be found here.
Hundreds of California researchers will be affected by the proposal for reconsideration of grant reviews. But for all practical purposes, none of them will have a say in the mysterious plan because there is not enough time for them to analyze the proposal – if it is ever posted – and to make travel plans to Stanford for the meeting that begins on Tuesday.
Dilatory posting of important background information is an ongoing problem at CIRM. The situation improved at one point in the past but has now slipped badly. It makes a mockery of CIRM promises for meaningful public participation in discussions of issues facing the $3 billion public agency.
Thursday, August 07, 2008
The WSJ Looks at CIRM and Its 'Sugar Daddy'
The Californa stem cell agency has scored big PR-wise in the Friday edition of the Wall Street Journal.
The influential newspaper, which has more than 1 million paid subscribers on its website, is carrying a laudatory piece about CIRM, focusing on its president, Alan Trounson. The headline? "Stem Cells' New Sugar Daddy."
Science columnist Robert Lee Hotz described daily struggles with ethical and political challenges and an "air of urgency" at CIRM as well as a "second medical revolution" for Trounson. His first involved IVF.
Hotz said the California's "speculative venture" may be "the world's most ambitious experiment in public funding for science."
One might quibble with some of the details of the WSJ story, but it is a coup for CIRM. The WSJ has an influential audience with important links to business. The piece will help set the tone for future mainstream coverage of CIRM and expose it to many key industry and public opinion leaders who otherwise would never take notice.
The story is also linked to an online discussion of whether it is okay to pay women for their eggs.
Here is a link to the story, which may be on the limited public version of the WSJ web site. If not, send me an email requesting a copy, and I will forward it to you. Here is my email address: djensen@californiastemcellreport.com.
The influential newspaper, which has more than 1 million paid subscribers on its website, is carrying a laudatory piece about CIRM, focusing on its president, Alan Trounson. The headline? "Stem Cells' New Sugar Daddy."
Science columnist Robert Lee Hotz described daily struggles with ethical and political challenges and an "air of urgency" at CIRM as well as a "second medical revolution" for Trounson. His first involved IVF.
Hotz said the California's "speculative venture" may be "the world's most ambitious experiment in public funding for science."
One might quibble with some of the details of the WSJ story, but it is a coup for CIRM. The WSJ has an influential audience with important links to business. The piece will help set the tone for future mainstream coverage of CIRM and expose it to many key industry and public opinion leaders who otherwise would never take notice.
The story is also linked to an online discussion of whether it is okay to pay women for their eggs.
Here is a link to the story, which may be on the limited public version of the WSJ web site. If not, send me an email requesting a copy, and I will forward it to you. Here is my email address: djensen@californiastemcellreport.com.
CIRM Blog Ban: Reaction From The Agency and Readers
The Monday item about CIRM banning this blog from the news clippings it sends to its directors and staff triggered a modest reaction this week, including a sharply negative one from the agency itself as well as warm endorsements of this website's endeavors.
Some of the reaction was posted directly as a comment on the item itself. Other comments were sent directly to this writer, including two from Don Gibbons, chief communications officer for the $3 billion state program. He is the person who claimed responsibility for excising the California Stem Cell Report from the agency's official clips.
On Monday, Gibbons volunteered the following,
As for Gibbons' assertion that CIRM does not distribute "what is freely available on the Web," nearly all of what CIRM circulates as clippings is freely available on the Web – not just this blog – at least based on the last version of the clips we saw.
The "banned" item also attracted minor attention from other web sites, including Capitol Alert, a news tip service aimed at state Capitol denizens.
Other reaction:
Lying at the heart of CIRM is its public nature and public relationships. In many ways it is the quintessential public and political creature. It was created in that most political and public process – an election – through a mechanism (the ballot initiative) that was designed to give the great, unwashed masses the ability to wrest control away from their designated leaders. CIRM is an extraordinary and unique governmental experiment that has had a truly vast impact nationally and beyond. Some see it as a model for possible future endeavors seeking to solve some the intractable problems that plague our society.
California's stem cell research program is worthy of considerable attention, far more than the mainstream media can or will provide. And that is part of the function of this blog. We try to generate more information than can be found in the media or on the CIRM website. We also comment on CIRM and analyze it in a way not possible at most major news outlets, which are hamstrung by standards that are useful but also allow them to be easily manipulated by governmental entities from the White House on down.
Should the CIRM directors and staff be provided the California Stem Cell Report as part of their daily information diet? We think so. However, the spoon-feeding of boards of directors is not an uncommon practice in the world of business. It is also a poor practice that has backfired on more than one major enterprise.
One final note: The San Francisco Chronicle piece cited by Gibbons was written by Dan Gillmor, a former California newspaper columnist and author of the book "We The Media." An advocate of grass-roots journalism, Gillmor wrote in his book,
Some of the reaction was posted directly as a comment on the item itself. Other comments were sent directly to this writer, including two from Don Gibbons, chief communications officer for the $3 billion state program. He is the person who claimed responsibility for excising the California Stem Cell Report from the agency's official clips.
On Monday, Gibbons volunteered the following,
"Using the term 'officially banned' is utter b----s---. We just chose to not use state money to distribute what is freely available on the Web. You should read the Chronicle’s Op/Ed piece this morning on the responsibilities of advocacy 'almost-journalists.'"On Tuesday, as part of a response to a query on a different subject, Gibbons said,
"I want to reiterate that I think using 'officially banned' is incorrect, and scandalously misleading. It suggests folks here are instructed not to read your blog."Obviously, CIRM can do whatever it wants regarding the clippings it sends around, but its decisions are officially government action. And the blog is indisputably banned from the clips.
As for Gibbons' assertion that CIRM does not distribute "what is freely available on the Web," nearly all of what CIRM circulates as clippings is freely available on the Web – not just this blog – at least based on the last version of the clips we saw.
The "banned" item also attracted minor attention from other web sites, including Capitol Alert, a news tip service aimed at state Capitol denizens.
Other reaction:
"You must be doing something right"(email from writer who cannot be named).
"If I had to guess, the 'ban' likely has increased your readership dramatically. When will those bureaucrats ever learn?" (From another person who cannot be identified).
"Your website is vitally important to California taxpayers; I find it to be a balanced and compelling commentary and timely examination of CIRM's operations and the underlying business of the science CIRM was created to pursue." (From an anonymous comment directly on the item.)Only one negative comment about the blog was received. That was posted directly to the item and agreed with the CIRM ban because the blog is not about "science." As we responded, the blog has never been about primarily about "science," but primarily about public policy. We rarely deal directly with the science of an issue, but rather about the interplay between science and government, not to mention business, academia, politics and public opinion.
Lying at the heart of CIRM is its public nature and public relationships. In many ways it is the quintessential public and political creature. It was created in that most political and public process – an election – through a mechanism (the ballot initiative) that was designed to give the great, unwashed masses the ability to wrest control away from their designated leaders. CIRM is an extraordinary and unique governmental experiment that has had a truly vast impact nationally and beyond. Some see it as a model for possible future endeavors seeking to solve some the intractable problems that plague our society.
California's stem cell research program is worthy of considerable attention, far more than the mainstream media can or will provide. And that is part of the function of this blog. We try to generate more information than can be found in the media or on the CIRM website. We also comment on CIRM and analyze it in a way not possible at most major news outlets, which are hamstrung by standards that are useful but also allow them to be easily manipulated by governmental entities from the White House on down.
Should the CIRM directors and staff be provided the California Stem Cell Report as part of their daily information diet? We think so. However, the spoon-feeding of boards of directors is not an uncommon practice in the world of business. It is also a poor practice that has backfired on more than one major enterprise.
One final note: The San Francisco Chronicle piece cited by Gibbons was written by Dan Gillmor, a former California newspaper columnist and author of the book "We The Media." An advocate of grass-roots journalism, Gillmor wrote in his book,
"We can’t afford, as a society, to limit our choices. We can’t even afford it financially, because Wall Street’s demands on Big Media are dumbing down the product itself."We asked Gillmor if he had any comment on the CIRM ban. "Fascinating" was his one word response.
New Issues Added to CIRM Directors Meeting Next Week
The California stem cell agency has altered its agenda for next Tuesday's meeting at Stanford, adding an element to its proposed human egg policy rules and an item dealing with eligibility on a new "translational" grant round.
The agency also posted its latest version of how it would like to define California supplier, which is the key to giving preferences worth hundreds of million dollars to state businesses seeking to sell to CIRM grantees.
The definition can be found here and seems to include almost any conceivable potential vendor in the state, but we could be wrong. At the same time, the California legislature is considering its own definition of California supplier in AB2381 by Assemblyman Gene Mullin, D-San Mateo.
That measure is now on the floor of the state Senate.
(In another CIRM legislative matter, the Assembly floor analysis of SB1565, the bill designed to ensure affordable access to CIRM-funded therapies is now available.)
The item with eggs now says that directors will be asked to authorize "a procedure for petitioning the ICOC to designate stem cell lines derived before November 2006 as acceptably derived for use in CIRM-funded research, and to govern use of embryos created for reproductive purposes before August 13, 2008." Added was the language having to do with the Aug. 13 date.
Also added to the next week's agenda is an item which states only: "Consideration of eligibility criteria in concept plan for Translational 1 RFA."
Twenty-one items are scheduled to be considered at the CIRM directors meeting that begins in only three business days. Background information is now available on only six of those items.
The agency also posted its latest version of how it would like to define California supplier, which is the key to giving preferences worth hundreds of million dollars to state businesses seeking to sell to CIRM grantees.
The definition can be found here and seems to include almost any conceivable potential vendor in the state, but we could be wrong. At the same time, the California legislature is considering its own definition of California supplier in AB2381 by Assemblyman Gene Mullin, D-San Mateo.
That measure is now on the floor of the state Senate.
(In another CIRM legislative matter, the Assembly floor analysis of SB1565, the bill designed to ensure affordable access to CIRM-funded therapies is now available.)
The item with eggs now says that directors will be asked to authorize "a procedure for petitioning the ICOC to designate stem cell lines derived before November 2006 as acceptably derived for use in CIRM-funded research, and to govern use of embryos created for reproductive purposes before August 13, 2008." Added was the language having to do with the Aug. 13 date.
Also added to the next week's agenda is an item which states only: "Consideration of eligibility criteria in concept plan for Translational 1 RFA."
Twenty-one items are scheduled to be considered at the CIRM directors meeting that begins in only three business days. Background information is now available on only six of those items.
Wednesday, August 06, 2008
CIRM Contracts with Fleishman PR Firm
The Fleishman-Hillard public relations firm has won a $115,000 contract from the California stem cell agency, according to odwyerpr.com.
The website said Fleishman bested five other firms: Burson-Marsteller, Weber Shandwick, Feinstein Kean, GCI Group and Wundermarx.
Odwyer reported that Ruby Barcklay, a senior vice president in Fleishman's San Francisco office, will be in charge of the account.
The contract includes "media monitoring, leadership media training, opinion leader research in the biotech and business communities, and high-level targeted media placement around the organization's leadership position in the field of stem-cell research funding," according to the report.
The odwyer site specializes in "inside PR news" and is partly free and partly paid.
The website said Fleishman bested five other firms: Burson-Marsteller, Weber Shandwick, Feinstein Kean, GCI Group and Wundermarx.
Odwyer reported that Ruby Barcklay, a senior vice president in Fleishman's San Francisco office, will be in charge of the account.
The contract includes "media monitoring, leadership media training, opinion leader research in the biotech and business communities, and high-level targeted media placement around the organization's leadership position in the field of stem-cell research funding," according to the report.
The odwyer site specializes in "inside PR news" and is partly free and partly paid.
Fresh Comment
"Anonymous" has posted a comment on the "CIRM Bans" item, stating that this blog is "a balanced and compelling commentary and timely examination of CIRM's operations," among other things. I have no idea who posted it, but, no, I did not pay the person. Re the Larry Ebert comment on the Remcho item, Ebert's comment is now available. I failed to moderate it in a timely fashion.
More Info on CIRM Meeting
The California stem cell agency Tuesday posted background information on one item on its agenda for next week's meeting of its board of directors at Stanford.
The material included: the names of two persons to be appointed as medical ethicists to the Standards Working Group. They are Radhika Rao, a law professor at Hastings College of Law and Dorothy E. Roberts, a law professor at Northwestern University.
The material included: the names of two persons to be appointed as medical ethicists to the Standards Working Group. They are Radhika Rao, a law professor at Hastings College of Law and Dorothy E. Roberts, a law professor at Northwestern University.
Tuesday, August 05, 2008
Fresh Comments
"Anonymous" has filed a comment agreeing with CIRM's ban on this blog. We have filed a response. Larry Ebert has filed a comment on the "$2 Million Remcho" item.
Monday, August 04, 2008
CIRM Providing Some Early Background Info on Directors Meeting
The California stem cell agency today posted the agenda for its Aug. 12-13 meeting at Stanford, along with some background material.
The background material is a good start on helping the public understand what is to be discussed and acted on by the directors of the $3 billion public enterprise. We are looking forward to more in the next few days.
The background information on one item has clarified what is actually to be discussed when directors take up "consideration of annual report on CIRM contracts and interagency agreements." On Sunday, we speculated that the item could be a proposal to change from quarterly to annual the reporting requirements to directors on outside contracts. In fact, the item appears to be simply the 2007-08 annual report on outside contracting expenditures.
Other background material now available includes:
Draft language for a "grandfathering" provision on stem cell lines. Directors will be asked to authorize a procedure for petitioning them to designate stem cell lines derived before November 2006 as acceptably derived for use in CIRM-funded research.
The names and brief bios of proposed alternate members for the Grant Review Group: Sangeeta N. Bhatia of MIT, Paula Marie Bokesch of Hospira, Inc., Mark Furth of the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Marcie Glicksman of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Kurt Gunter of Hospira, Inc., Paul Kulesa of the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Hai-Quan Mao of John Hopkins, Todd McDevitt of Georgia Institute of Technoloogy/Emory University, Alan Russell of the University of Pittsburgh and Shuichi Takayama of the University of Michigan.
The background material is a good start on helping the public understand what is to be discussed and acted on by the directors of the $3 billion public enterprise. We are looking forward to more in the next few days.
The background information on one item has clarified what is actually to be discussed when directors take up "consideration of annual report on CIRM contracts and interagency agreements." On Sunday, we speculated that the item could be a proposal to change from quarterly to annual the reporting requirements to directors on outside contracts. In fact, the item appears to be simply the 2007-08 annual report on outside contracting expenditures.
Other background material now available includes:
Draft language for a "grandfathering" provision on stem cell lines. Directors will be asked to authorize a procedure for petitioning them to designate stem cell lines derived before November 2006 as acceptably derived for use in CIRM-funded research.
The names and brief bios of proposed alternate members for the Grant Review Group: Sangeeta N. Bhatia of MIT, Paula Marie Bokesch of Hospira, Inc., Mark Furth of the Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Marcie Glicksman of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Kurt Gunter of Hospira, Inc., Paul Kulesa of the Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Hai-Quan Mao of John Hopkins, Todd McDevitt of Georgia Institute of Technoloogy/Emory University, Alan Russell of the University of Pittsburgh and Shuichi Takayama of the University of Michigan.
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